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4F-EPH
Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate
4-Fluoroethylphenidate, 4-FEPH, 4F-TEPOpen in Piru
4F-EPH is a synthetic stimulant1 of the phenidate and substituted phenethylamine classes that produces potent, long-lasting stimulation and euphoria. It is structurally related to methylphenidate and ethylphenidate and was developed as a replacement for stimulants such as ethylphenidate. It was first identified in France in March 2016. It is likely to be habit-forming, and anecdotal reports suggest that nasal administration can cause corrosive damage, though reportedly less than ethylphenidate.
Dosage & Duration
Dosage
Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.
Threshold5 mg
Light5-10 mg
Moderate10-15 mg
Strong15-30 mg
Heavy30+ mg
Duration
Onset10-25 minutes
After Effects4-12 hours
Total5-6 hours
Subjective Effects
Subjective Effects not written up yet
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
4F-EPH is presumed to act primarily as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor2, potentially increasing dopamine availability by reducing its removal from synapses. Based on structural similarities, it may also inhibit the reuptake of other monoamines.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption & half-lifenot documented yetMetabolitesnone documented yet
Tolerance
Tolerance timelines are rules of thumb, not exact schedules, and vary widely between individuals and use patterns.
Tolerance to many effects of 4F-EPH develops with prolonged, repeated use. Repeated redosing can reduce or eliminate physical euphoria, while the initial euphoric rush rapidly weakens and eventually disappears.
Tolerance returns to baseline after approximately 1–2 weeks without further use.
Tolerance falls to approximately half its previous level after 3–7 days without further use.
Dopaminergic stimulants
Harm Potential
Addiction & Dependence
Psychological
ModerateChronic 4F-EPH use is moderately addictive, with high abuse potential and psychological dependence in some users. Cravings may occur when users with established addiction abruptly stop.
Physical
Withdrawal effects may occur after abrupt cessation in users who have developed addiction.
Toxicity
The exact toxic dose of 4F-EPH is unknown.
Intranasal 4F-EPH is mildly to moderately caustic, and repeated use without substantial recovery breaks is likely to damage nasal mucous membranes, even with saline rinsing.
4F-EPH-related vasoconstriction may become dangerous during the offset of very high doses or in people with circulatory problems.
Temporary erectile dysfunction commonly occurs with moderate to high doses of 4F-EPH.
History & Culture
4F-EPH was released at the end of 2015 and was first identified in France in March 2016. It became available on the online gray market as a research chemical in 2016.…
Legality
By Country
Illegal3
GermanyIllegal (analog/blanket ban)Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (NpSG), Anlage 1 Nr. 1 (Von 2-Phenethylamin abgeleitete Verbindungen)45678910
4F-EPH falls within the generic structural definition for compounds derived from 2-phenethylamine in Anlage 1 Nr. 1 of the Neue-psychoaktive-Stoffe-Gesetz (NpSG), in force since 26 November 2016. Section 3 prohibits trade, placing on the market, manufacture, import, export, transit, acquisition, possession, and administration to another person, subject to its exceptions for specified commercial, industrial, scientific, and official uses. Under section 4(1), trade, placing on the market, or administration to another person, as well as manufacture or import for the purpose of placing on the market, is punishable by imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. The NpSG excludes substances controlled under the Betäubungsmittelgesetz and qualifying medicinal products.
SwitzerlandIllegalVerordnung des EDI vom 30. Mai 2011 über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien (Betäubungsmittelverzeichnisverordnung, BetmVV-EDI), Anhang 6, Verzeichnis e11121314
4-Fluoroethylphenidate is expressly listed as 4-Fluorethylphenidat (4F-EPH) in item 230 of Annex 6, Verzeichnis e, effective from 1 March 2018 at 10:00. Verzeichnis e substances are subject to the control measures applicable to Verzeichnis a narcotics. Unauthorized cultivation, manufacture, import, export, storage, use, or placing on the market is punishable by up to three years' imprisonment or a monetary penalty.
United KingdomIllegal4-Fluoroethylphenidate is expressly listed as a Class B drug in Schedule 2 Part II paragraph 1(a) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, effective from 31 May 2017. The Act prohibits its possession, production, supply, and offer to supply, subject to its regulations, exceptions, and defences.
References
Source Pages
Citations
Further Reading
Article Status
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