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Amfonelic-Acid
Amfonelic acid is a potent non-amphetamine CNS stimulant1 and research chemical with antibiotic properties. Sterling-Winthrop discovered it accidentally while developing antibiotics, but discontinued it because of undesirable stimulant effects. The substance has gained some popularity as a recreational drug and is categorized as habit-forming. Its antibiotic activity distinguishes it from many other stimulants.
Dosage & Duration
Dosage
Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.
Threshold2-4 mg
Moderate4-10 mg
Strong10+ mg
Duration
After Effects1-24 hours
Subjective Effects
Subjective Effects not written up yet
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Amfonelic acid inhibits dopamine uptake2, increasing dopaminergic signaling through blockade of the dopamine transporter. It shows no activity in the norepinephrine system and lacks direct serotonin activity, although subchronic treatment in rats subsequently decreases serotonin and 5-HIAA levels.
Pharmacokinetics
Amfonelic acid has a moderately long reported half-life of approximately 12 hours.
Metabolitesnone documented yet
Interactions
Interactions not written up yet
An unlisted combination is an unknown one, not a safe one. Check a dedicated combination chart before mixing.
Tolerance
Tolerance not written up yet
Harm Potential
Addiction & Dependence
Psychological
HighClassified as habit-forming with demonstrated abuse potential. Rats self-administer amfonelic acid in a dose-dependent manner, and the compound displays 150% the stimulant potency of dextroamphetamine in discriminatory substitution studies.
Toxicity
Studies in mammalian cells have shown amfonelic acid to be markedly more toxic than related 4-quinolone compounds; sublethal doses induced changes in cellular protein production patterns, suggesting effects on gene transcription.
Confirmed
Amfonelic acid is a 4-quinolone derivative with antibacterial properties, though it is less active as an antibacterial agent compared to other 4-quinolones.
Psychosis Risk
Clinical evaluation was discontinued after amfonelic acid was found to exacerbate psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Visual and auditory hallucinations have been reported among adverse effects.
History & Culture
Amfonelic acid was discovered incidentally at Sterling-Winthrop during research on the antibiotic nalidixic acid, when researchers found that derivatives of nalidixic acid could produce stimulant or depressant effects on the central nervous system. Its higher potency and therapeutic index compared…
Legality
Legality not written up yet
References
Citations
Further Reading
Article Status
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