Skip to main content
L

Not yet reviewed: this article is pending editorial review by Lyrea.

Citation noticeOur citation system is being overhauled

References and citation markers may currently be incomplete, mismatched, or incorrect. This system is being rebuilt and reviewed before the full site launch.

AM-694

This article is a stubmissing:
Subjective Effects
Interactions
Tolerance
AM-694 molecule structureAM-694 molecule structure
1-(5-Fluoropentyl)-3-(2-iodobenzoyl)indole
Warrior Ultimate, Pulse Ultra, ShamrockOpen in Piru
Psychoactive Class
CannabinoidHallucinogen

AM-694 is a synthetic cannabinoid in the benzoylindole chemical class1, categorized as a cannabinoid.2 It was first reported to the EMCDDA by Irish authorities in July 2010 after detection in the herbal smoking product Shamrock1, after the original Spice products declined. Reported preparations were psychoactive but less intense and apparently more benign than earlier synthetic cannabinoids, although this characterization comes from limited personal sampling. Effects were anticipated to last about two hours.

Dosage & Duration

Log in Piru

Duration

Onset5 minutes
Total2 hours

Subjective Effects

Subjective Effects not written up yet

Reagent Testing

Expected colorimetric results for common reagent tests. Colors show reaction change over 1–2 minutes.

Liebermann(LB)
white → yellow3
Powered by PROtestkit.eu

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

AM-694 is a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist with strong selectivity for CB1. It binds CB1 with a Ki of 0.08 nM3 and CB2 with a Ki of 1.44 nM3, corresponding to approximately 18-fold selectivity for CB1 over CB2.4 This receptor profile has supported its use as a research ligand for mapping CB1 distribution.

Pharmacokinetics

Reported metabolic pathways include hydrolytic defluorination, carboxylation, and monohydroxylation of the N-alkyl chain5. Some reports suggest that oral consumption may produce fluoroacetic acid through metabolism.

Interactions

Interactions not written up yet

An unlisted combination is an unknown one, not a safe one. Check a dedicated combination chart before mixing.

Check TripSit

Tolerance

Tolerance not written up yet

Harm Potential

Toxicity

Systemic

Oral administration may produce the highly toxic metabolite fluoroacetic acid, posing significant systemic toxicity risk; this route of administration should be strictly avoided.

History & Culture

Products containing AM-694 spread while still legal after Italy prohibited the manufacture, import, and sale of products such as Spice and n-Joy in April 2010 and listed JWH-018 and JWH-073 as illegal in July 2010.6 AM-694 was also used in scientific research to map the distribution of CB1 receptors in the body.

Legality

By Country

Controlled / restricted1
Finland flagFinlandRestricted

References

Source Pages

  1. Bluelight forum: AM-694 and smoking blends WARNING (2010)
  2. Drug Users Bible by Dominic Milton Trott
  3. Drug Users Bible: AM-694
  4. Wikipedia

Citations

  1. Synthetic cannabinoids in Europe. European Union Drugs Agency (2017). https://www.euda.europa.eu/topics/pods/synthetic-cannabinoids_en12
  2. The detection of the urinary metabolites of 1-[(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-(2-iodophenyl)methanone (AM-694), a high affinity cannabimimetic, by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Drug Testing and Analysis (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.13361
  3. Spice/K2 drugs – more than innocent substitutes for marijuana. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology (2014). https://academic.oup.com/ijnp/article/17/3/509/7602571234
  4. Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Adverse Effects of Synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs. Forensic Science Review (2014). https://forendex.southernforensic.org/uploads/references/Gurney_et_al-_Pharm_Tox_of_Synthetic_Cannabinoids.pdf1
  5. The detection of the urinary metabolites of 1-[(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-(2-iodophenyl)methanone (AM-694), a high affinity cannabimimetic, by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Drug Testing and Analysis (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.13361
  6. Identification of 1-butyl-3-(1-(4-methyl)naphtoyl)indole detected for the first time in “herbal high” products on the Italian market. Forensic Science International (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.0091
  7. Valtioneuvoston asetus 1130/2014, ajantasainen liite (25.6.2026/650). finlex.fi (n.d.). https://www.finlex.fi/api/media/statute-consolidated/1079343/media/8500.pdf1
  8. Valtioneuvoston asetus kuluttajamarkkinoilta kielletyistä psykoaktiivisista aineista 1130/2014, ajantasainen säädös. finlex.fi (n.d.). https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2014/11301
  9. Huumausainelaki 373/2008, ajantasainen säädös, 3 §, 5 § and 23 b §. finlex.fi (n.d.). https://www.finlex.fi/fi/lainsaadanto/2008/3731
  10. Valtioneuvoston asetus 1130/2014 kuluttajamarkkinoilta kielletyistä psykoaktiivisista aineista. finlex.fi (n.d.). https://www.finlex.fi/api/media/statute/87257/mainPdf/main.pdf1

Further Reading

  1. Donohue BL et al. Synthesis and biological evaluation of AM-694 (2008)
  2. Donohue SR et al. Preclinical evaluation of [18F]AM-694 as CB1 PET imaging agent (2009)
  3. EMCDDA: Europol 2011 Report on AM-694
  4. PubChem: Compound Summary for CID 10491092 (AM-694)

Article Status

  • Josie Kins avatar
    Step 1 · Automated synthesis

    An autonomous workflow built by Josie Kins compiled this article's foundation from information published across the web.

  • Step 2 · First-pass reviewPending

    Not yet reviewed: this article is pending editorial review by Lyrea.

  • Step 3 · Citation reviewPending

    No one has reviewed this article's citations yet. That second pass checks each claim against the source it cites.

Suggest an edit

Spotted a mistake, an outdated claim, or something missing from the AM-694 article? Send the editors a private note. Feedback lands in a moderation queue and is never shown on the site.

Wish to give generalised feedback? You can do so here.