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AM-2201

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Subjective Effects
Interactions
Tolerance
Legality
AM-2201 molecule structureAM-2201 molecule structure
AM-2201
Open in Piru
Psychoactive Class
CannabinoidHallucinogen

AM-2201 is a synthetic cannabinoid1 and hallucinogen, also described as a recreational designer drug. It belongs to the AM series, named for Alexandros Makriyannis of Northeastern University, who synthesised the compounds1. When smoked, AM-2201 produces effects of similar strength at lower doses than THC2; Internet user reports describe active doses starting at 250 micrograms when smoked or vaporized2, although its maximum experienced dose is unknown. Effects are reported to last about two hours. Convulsions were reported in cases with analytically verified AM-2201 consumption2, so caution is advised.

Dosage & Duration

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Dosage

Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.

Threshold~250 µg
Light250-500 µg
Moderate500-1000 µg
Strong1000-2000 µg
Heavy2000+ µg

Duration

Onset0 seconds
Total2 hours

Subjective Effects

Subjective Effects not written up yet

Reagent Testing

Expected colorimetric results for common reagent tests. Colors show reaction change over 1–2 minutes.

Marquis(MQ)
white → orange2
Mecke(ME)
white → yellow2
Liebermann(LB)
white → yellow2 → brown2
Powered by PROtestkit.eu

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

AM-2201 showed full agonistic properties in an in vitro [35S]GTPγS binding assay2. It has higher reported binding affinity for CB1 than CB2, with reported IC50 values of 1.0 nM and 2.6 nM, respectively2, and shows nanomolar functional potency at human CB1 and CB2 receptors3.

Pharmacokinetics

AM-2201 metabolism differs only slightly from that of JWH-018. N-dealkylation produces fluoropentane rather than pentane or other unsubstituted alkanes.

Interactions

Interactions not written up yet

An unlisted combination is an unknown one, not a safe one. Check a dedicated combination chart before mixing.

Check TripSit

Tolerance

Tolerance not written up yet

Harm Potential

Addiction & Dependence

Psychological

Moderate

Classified as habit-forming. AM-2201 was central to a surge of addiction amongst homeless populations in British cities circa 2017, suggesting significant psychological dependence potential with regular use.

Psychosis Risk

High

Produces extreme anxiety, acute fear, and intense paranoia that can be almost overwhelming. Users report terror that is difficult to articulate, with effects described as cannabis-type anxiety multiplied by a factor of 100. These severe psychological reactions can occur even at modest doses.

Seizure Risk

Moderate

Convulsions have been reported at doses as low as 10 mg. Caution is strongly recommended due to this seizure risk.

History & Culture

AM-2201 was part of the AM series of cannabinoids discovered by Alexandros Makriyannis at Northeastern University.…

Legality

Legality not written up yet

References

Source Pages

  1. Drug Users Bible by Dominic Milton Trott
  2. TripSit: Wiki – AM-2201
  3. Wikipedia

Citations

  1. AM-2201 4-OH pentyl. University of Glasgow (2016). https://theses.gla.ac.uk/7579/1/2016AldlganAPhD.pdf12
  2. AM-2201 Critical Review Report. World Health Organization Expert Committee on Drug Dependence (2014). https://ecddrepository.org/sites/default/files/4_7_review.pdf12345678
  3. Effects of bioisosteric fluorine in synthetic cannabinoid designer drugs JWH-018, AM-2201, UR-144, XLR-11, PB-22, 5F-PB-22, APICA, and STS-135. ACS Chemical Neuroscience / PubMed (2015). https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.5b001071234
  4. Black Mamba. Druglink / DrugWise (2012). https://www.drugwise.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Factsheet-Black-mamba.pdf1

Further Reading

  1. Ginsburg BC et al., Seizure liability of AM-2201 in mice, Neuropharmacology 2012
  2. Miliano C et al., Abuse potential of synthetic cannabinoids, Curr Addict Rep 2017
  3. Seely KA et al., Synthetic cannabinoid acute toxicity, Clin Toxicol 2012
  4. Wai MS et al., Adverse health effects of synthetic cannabinoids, Forensic Sci Int 2017
  5. Sobolevsky et al. 2012 - Detection of urinary metabolites of AM‐2201 and UR‐144, two novel synthetic cannabinoids

Article Status

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