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4,4'-DMAR

This article is a stubmissing:
Subjective Effects
Interactions
Tolerance
4,4'-DMAR molecule structure4,4'-DMAR molecule structure
4,4'-Dimethylaminorex
Serotoni, para-methyl-4-methylaminorexOpen in Piru
Psychoactive Class
Chemical Class
Aminorex

4,4'-DMAR is a stimulant and entactogen1 of the aminorex chemical class.2 It was first detected in the Netherlands in December 20123 and was sold as a designer drug across Europe from mid-2013. Thirty-one deaths associated with 4,4'-DMAR were registered between June 2013 and June 2014 in Hungary, Poland, and the United Kingdom, with other drugs detected in all but one case.4

Dosage & Duration

Dosage

Doses are population estimates that vary widely between individuals.

Threshold~30 mg
Light30-60 mg
Moderate60-120 mg
Strong120-200 mg
Heavy200+ mg

Duration

After Effects1-12 hours

Subjective Effects

Subjective Effects not written up yet

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

(±)-cis-4,4'-DMAR is a potent monoamine releasing agent at serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporters in rat brain synaptosomes.5 It also interacts with vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) at a potency similar to MDMA.6 It is inactive as a TAAR1 agonist, so the self-limiting action associated with TAAR1 activation by some monoamine releasing agents may not occur. Its interactions with 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors are very weak, and it appears inactive at 5-HT2B.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption & half-lifenot documented yetMetabolitesnone documented yet

Interactions

Interactions not written up yet

An unlisted combination is an unknown one, not a safe one. Check a dedicated combination chart before mixing.

Check TripSit

Tolerance

Tolerance not written up yet

Harm Potential

Toxicity

Lethal Dosage

At least 31 deaths have been linked to 4,4'-DMAR in Hungary, Poland, and the UK by February 2014, with an additional 19 deaths reported in Northern Ireland during the same period. Most fatalities occurred when the substance was consumed in combination with other drugs.

History & Culture

4,4'-DMAR was first detected in the Netherlands in December 2012.7 It was advertised under the name "Serotoni" and offered by online retailers as a "research chemical".8

Legality

By Country

Illegal2
United States flagUnited StatesIllegal
Germany flagGermanyIllegal

References

Source Pages

  1. Bluelight: Thread on 4,4'-DMAR
  2. Erowid:
  3. Erowid: References
  4. Erowid: References on 4,4'-DMAR
  5. The Drug Classroom
  6. Wikipedia
  7. Wikipedia: 4,4'-Dimethylaminorex

Citations

  1. How deaths can help clinicians and policy-makers understand the risks of Novel Psychoactive Substances. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/bcp.141831
  2. Aminorex analogs. ACS Chemical Neuroscience (2018). https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9409/1/cn-2018-00415d.R1_accepted.pdf1
  3. Impact Assessment. UK Home Office (2015). https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/433151/NPSGBImpactAssessment.pdf1
  4. 4,4′-DMAR: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology of a New Synthetic Stimulant of Abuse. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology (2015). https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.123991
  5. Characterization of a novel and potentially lethal designer drug (±)-/cis-/para-methyl-4-methylaminorex (4,4′-DMAR, or ‘Serotoni’). Drug Testing and Analysis (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.16681
  6. The psychostimulant (±)-cis-4,4'-dimethylaminorex (4,4'-DMAR) interacts with human plasmalemmal and vesicular monoamine transporters. Neuropharmacology / PubMed (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.01812
  7. DARK classics in chemical neuroscience: Aminorex analogues. ACS Chemical Neuroscience (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.8b004151
  8. Report on the risk assessment of 4,4′-DMAR in the framework of the Council Decision on new psychoactive substances. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (2015). https://www.ofdt.fr/sites/ofdt/files/2023-08/field_media_document-1528-44DMARriskAssessment.pdf1
  9. BtMG - Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln. gesetze-im-internet.de (n.d.). https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/BJNR106810981.html1
  10. Anlage II BtMG - Einzelnorm. gesetze-im-internet.de (n.d.). https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/btmg_1981/anlage_ii.html1

Further Reading

  1. EMCDDA: Joint Report on 4,4'-DMAR
  2. Federal Register: DEA Scheduling
  3. PubChem:
  4. PubMed: 4,4'-DMAR Web-based study
  5. PubMed: Pharmacological characterization of aminorex analogs
  6. Rickli et al. 2019 - Pharmacological characterization of the aminorex analogs 4-MAR, 4,4′-DMAR, and 3,4-DMAR

Article Status

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