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Unconsciousness and fatalities have been reported at doses as low as 18-30 mL. The lowest known fatal dose in humans is 30 mL.
Effects vary widely by individual, dose, and context.
These combinations are considered extremely harmful and should always be avoided. Reactions to these drugs taken in combination are highly unpredictable and have a potential to cause death.
Moderately addictive with a high potential for abuse and capable of causing psychological dependence among certain users. Compulsive redosing is commonly reported. Cravings may occur when chronic use is discontinued.
As with other GABA receptor agonists, repeated use results in a withdrawal syndrome upon abrupt discontinuation resembling alcohol, barbiturate, or benzodiazepine withdrawal, up to and including delirium tremens.
The smallest known lethal dose in a human is 30 mL. Unconsciousness and deaths have been reported at doses as low as 18-29 mL. Overdose produces symptoms similar to alcohol poisoning including respiratory and metabolic acidosis, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, pupil constriction, coma, and potentially lethal respiratory depression. The substance is expected to be less toxic than ethanol as it cannot be metabolized into aldehydes.
| Species | Route | Value |
|---|---|---|
| rat | oral | 1000 mg/kg |
| mouse | subcutaneous | 2100 mg/kg |
2-Methyl-2-butanol, historically known as amylene hydrate, was used as an anesthetic from approximately the 1880s through the 1950s. However, its medical use was limited due to the availability of more effective anesthetic agents. During the 1930s, the compound found its primary application as a…
Listed as 'Amylenhydrat' in Anlage 1 of the Arzneimittelverschreibungsverordnung (AMVV), the German ordinance on prescription-only medicines. Available only with a valid prescription.
Controlled under the Psychoactive Substances Act, which came into effect on May 26, 2016. Production, supply, and importation are prohibited. The Act creates a blanket ban on psychoactive substances intended for human consumption.
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